Med Surg Practice Quiz Questions 2020
1. What clinical finding indicates to a nurse that a client may have hypokalemia?
Edema
Muscle spasms
Kussmaul breathing
Abdominal distension
2. When a disaster occurs, the nurse may have to treat mass hysteria first. Which response indicates that an individual should be cared for first?
Panic
Coma
Euphoria
Depression
3. A client with hypothermia is brought to the emergency department. What treatment does the nurse anticipate?
Core rewarming with warm fluids
Ambulation to increase metabolism
Frequent oral temperature assessments
Gastric tube feedings to increase fluid volume
4. A nurse is caring for a client on bed rest. How can the nurse help prevent a pulmonary embolus?
Limit the client’s fluid intake.
Teach the client how to exercise the legs.
Encourage use of the incentive spirometer.
Maintain the knee gatch position at an angle.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with an impaired immune system. Which blood protein associated with the immune system is important for the nurse to consider?
Albumin
Globulin
Thrombin
Hemoglobin
6. A nurse must establish and maintain an airway in a client who has experienced a near-drowning in the ocean. For which potential danger should the nurse assess the client?
Alkalosis
Renal failure
Hypervolemia
Pulmonary edema
7. The nurse is teaching a client about adequate hand hygiene. What component of hand washing should the nurse include that is most important for removing microorganisms?
Soap
Time
Water
Friction
8. A nurse is caring for a client who had an insertion of radium for cancer of the cervix. For what radium reaction should the nurse assess the client?
Pain
Nausea
Excoriation
Restlessness
9. What complication is prevented when a nurse addresses the needs of a client who is hyperventilating?
Cardiac arrest
Carbonic acid deficit
Reduction in serum pH
Excess oxygen saturation
Med Surg Practice Quiz Questions 2020- Rationale
1. Edema is a sign of sodium excess. Muscle spasms are a sign of hypocalcemia. Kussmaul breathing is a sign of metabolic acidosis.
2. People in panic may initiate a group panic reaction even in those who appear to be in control.
Comatose individuals will not cause panic in others. Euphoric individuals will not adversely affect others. Depressed people will be quiet and not affect others
3. Core rewarming with heated oxygen and administration of warmed oral or intravenous fluids is the preferred method of treatment.
Ambulation can not possible because the client will be too weak. Oral temperatures are not the most accurate assessment of core temperature because of environmental influences. Warmed oral feedings are advised; gavage feedings are unnecessary
4. The client who is prescribed bed rest must exercise the legs; dorsiflexion of the feet prevents venous stasis and thrombus formation.
Limiting fluid intake may lead to hemoconcentration and subsequent thrombus formation.
The use of a spirometer improves pulmonary function but does not prevent venous stasis.
Maintain the knee gatch position at an angle is unsafe because it promotes venous stasis by compressing the popliteal space
5. The gamma-globulin fraction in the plasma is the fraction that includes the antibodies.
Albumin helps regulate fluid shifts by maintaining plasma oncotic pressure. Thrombin is involved with clotting. Hemoglobin carries oxygen.
6. Additional fluid from surrounding tissues will be drawn into the lung because of the high osmotic pressure exerted by the salt content of the aspirated ocean water; this results in pulmonary edema.
Hypoxia and acidosis may occur after a near-drowning. Hypovolemia occurs because fluid is drawn into the lungs by the hypertonic salt water.
7. Friction is necessary for the removal of microorganisms. Although soap reduces surface tension, which helps remove debris, without friction it has minimal value.
Although the length of time the hands are washed is important, without friction it has minimal value.
Although water flushes some microorganisms from the skin, without friction it has minimal value.
8. Pain may indicate a toxic effect. Nausea and excoriation are expected side effects of internal radiotherapy.
Restlessness is associated with the need to maintain position, not with radium itself.
9. Hyperventilation causes excessive loss of carbon dioxide, leading to carbonic acid deficit and respiratory alkalosis.
Nursing Exams Important Points to Remember
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