Practice for your Medical-Surgical HESI exam with confidence using our comprehensive collection of practice questions with rationales. Our practice questions cover a wide range of topics and provide detailed explanations for each answer choice to help you improve your understanding of key concepts and prepare for exam success.

Table of Contents

Medical Surgical HESI Practice Questions with Rationales

1: A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen therapy via nasal cannula. Which of the following oxygen saturation levels indicates appropriate oxygenation?

a. 88%
b. 90%
c. 92%
d. 94%

2: A patient with end-stage renal disease is receiving hemodialysis. The nurse notes that the patient’s blood pressure is 80/50 mmHg. What intervention should the nurse perform?

a. Increase the rate of fluid removal during dialysis.
b. Administer a hypertonic saline solution.
c. Notify the healthcare provider of the blood pressure reading.
d. Monitor the patient’s blood pressure and recheck in 1 hour.

3: A patient with atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor to assess the patient’s response to warfarin?

a. Hemoglobin A1C
b. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
c. International normalized ratio (INR)
d. Platelet count

4: A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. What should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication?

a. Urine output
b. Blood glucose level
c. Serum potassium level
d. Serum creatinine level

5: A patient with cirrhosis is admitted to the hospital with ascites. Which dietary restriction should the nurse recommend to the patient?

a. Low protein diet
b. Low fat diet
c. Low sodium diet
d. Low fiber diet

6: A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed albuterol via metered-dose inhaler (MDI). What should the nurse instruct the patient to do after using the MDI?

a. Rinse the mouth with water.
b. Use a spacer device.
c. Hold the breath for 10 seconds.
d. Shake the inhaler before each use.

7: A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus is prescribed metformin. What is the primary mechanism of action for metformin?

a. Increasing insulin secretion
b. Decreasing glucose absorption in the intestines
c. Enhancing insulin sensitivity in target tissues
d. Promoting hepatic glucose production

Med Surg HESI Practice Questions

8: A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which electrolyte imbalance is the patient at risk for developing?

a. Hypokalemia
b. Hypernatremia
c. Hyperkalemia
d. Hypocalcemia

9: A patient with acute pancreatitis is experiencing severe abdominal pain. Which medication should the nurse administer to help relieve the patient’s pain?

a. Acetaminophen
b. Aspirin
c. Morphine sulfate
d. Ibuprofen

10: A patient with diabetes mellitus is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform first?

a. Administer 50 mL of 50% dextrose IV push.
b. Administer glucagon subcutaneously.
c. Administer insulin subcutaneously.
d. Administer oral glucose gel.

11: A patient with multiple sclerosis is prescribed dalfampridine. What is the purpose of this medication?

a. To improve muscle strength and coordination.
b. To reduce spasticity and muscle stiffness.
c. To prevent relapses and disease progression.
d. To improve walking speed and endurance.

12: A patient with sepsis is receiving IV fluids and vasopressors. Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize?

a. Hourly urine output measurements.
b. Assessment of skin turgor and moisture.
c. Blood glucose monitoring.
d. Assessment of respiratory status.

13. Which of the following is a common cause of female infertility?

A. Oligospermia

B. Endometriosis

C. Retrograde Ejaculation

D. Varicocele

14. Which of the following is a male factor that can contribute to infertility?

A. Anovulation

B. Fibroids

C. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

D. Varicocele

15. Which of the following is a diagnostic test used to evaluate infertility in women?

A. Semen Analysis

B. Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)

C. Testicular Biopsy

D. Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) test

16. Which of the following is a fertility treatment that involves placing sperm and eggs directly into the fallopian tubes?

A. Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

B. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

C. Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer (ZIFT)

D. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

17. Which of the following is a lifestyle factor that can impact fertility?

A. Stress

B. Blood Type

C. Eye Color

D. Height

18. What is the most common cause of female infertility?

a) Hormonal imbalance

b) Pelvic inflammatory disease

c) Endometriosis

d) Ovarian cysts

19. Which male factor can cause infertility?

a) Erectile dysfunction

b) Low sperm count

c) Enlarged prostate

d) Testicular cancer

20. What is the most common assisted reproductive technology used to treat infertility?

a) In vitro fertilization (IVF)

b) Intrauterine insemination (IUI)

c) Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

d) Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)

21. Which of the following can be a cause of secondary infertility?

a) Endometriosis

b) Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

c) Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

d) All of the above

22. What is the recommended age range for women to consider fertility preservation?

a) 18-25 years

b) 25-35 years

c) 35-45 years

d) 45-55 years

Please Subscribe Our YouTube channel – The Nurse

Like our Facebook Page: The Nurse

Please Subscribe to get all our posts in your mail inbox

Useful Medical Surgical HESI Practice Questions with Rationales